In this beautiful verse of Surah Baqarah, Allah swt assures us that indeed he is very close to us (with His knowledge) and he always responds to all our duas, Subhanallah, If we ask people for some thing again and again, they get fed up with us. However, Allah wants us to only ask Him for all our needs. Making dua is itself an act of worship and dua is also the essence of our worship. In our Salahs, we praise and glorify Allah swt, we ask for guidance in Surah Fatiha (Ihdina sirat almustaqeem), we ask for forgiveness (Allahumma aghfirlee) in Rukoos and sujood and we make other duas in Tashahhud and sujood.
But there are some conditions for the acceptance of duas. According to the ayah mentioned above, if we want Allah swt to respond to our duas then we should obey Him and have conviction in Him that He will indeed answer our duas. Here is a list of some of the requirements for the acceptance of our duas:
1) Dua should be made with sincerity (sincerely asking only Allah swt).
2) It should be made with attentive heart not in an auto-mode without understanding what we are saying.
3) Our source of income and the food we consume should be Halal.
4) We should not make dua hastily seeking immediate results.
5) We should not be committing many sins.
6) We should have conviction in Allah swt that He will definitely repond to our duas.
7) We should not be aggressive while supplicating.
According to a hadith in Saheeh Muslim: A man’s (dua’s) may be answered as long as it does not involve sin or severing the ties of kinship or hastening.” It was said: “O Messenger of Allah, what does hastening mean?” He said: “When he says, ‘I made dua’ and I made dua’ but I did not see any response,’ so he gets discouraged and stops making dua’.
According to another hadith, Allah responds to our duas in one of the three ways:
1) Allah accepts our dua right away.
2) Allah saves the reward of the dua for the Hereafter.
3) Allah averts some calmity or harm for us because of the dua.
So we should not never understimate the power of dua. Even if we do not get what we ask for in our duas, we will still get so much reward for just making dua in the Hereafter. Allah swt knows what is best for us so we should never complain Allah swt if we do not get our desire/wish fulfilled right away.
Also there are some etiquettes of making dua. We should start our duas by praising and glorifying Allah swt (e.g.: Subhanallahi wa bi hamdihi Subhanallahil Adheem), then we should send blessings to Prophet saw (durood), then we should ask for forgiveness of our sins, then we should thank Allah swt for all His blessings and then finally we should ask Allah swt for our needs. There is also a Masnoon Dua Haajaat which can also be used.
But subhanallah we are so busy in our worldly lives that we do not even take out time for making dua to Allah swt. But Allah swt is so Merciful that He grants so many of our needs without us asking for them. We should also be aware of the times when duas are accepted. Some of the times are mentioned below:
a) in the last third of night
b) after fard prayers
c) between Athan and Iqamah
d) an hour on Friday
e) while drinking zamzam water
f) in sajdah
g) during rain
h) while travelling
i) between asr and maghrib salah
j) at the iftar time/ of a fasting person
k) during laylatul qadr
Inshallah, by learning about the etiquettes of making dua, conditions of acceptance of dua, reward of making dua and the time of acceptance of dua, we can utilize the power of dua to achieve anything we want in our life (as long as it is not sinful and it is good for us).
Also, we should design our duas wisely. Quranic and Masnoon duas are the best duas to make. Subhanallah, they are so comprehensive. We can always find some Quranic or Masnoon dua according to our need. Whatever duas we make, we should always remember that our duas should not be merely focused on our worldly needs. We should always ask for the success in Hereafter because it is, indeed, the ultimate success for us.
And among the people is he who says, "Our Lord, give us in this world," and he will have in the Hereafter no share. But among them is he who says, "Our Lord, give us in this world [that which is] good and in the Hereafter [that which is] good and protect us from the punishment of the Fire. Those will have a share of what they have earned, and Allah is swift in account. (Baqarah 199-202)
There is nothing wrong in making duas for wordly things such as a big house, a new car, high marks in exams. But we should ask for Hereafter, as well. Infact, a good dua (as mentioned in verse 201 of Surah Baqarah) includes asking for both the good of this dunya and the good of the Hereafter.
Whoever asks Allāh for Paradise three times [Allahumma innee as'aluk al-Jannah], then Paradise will say: “O Allāh! Enter him into Paradise!” And whoever seeks protection with Allāh from the Fire three times [Allahumma ajirnee min an-Naar], the Fire will say: “O Allāh! Protect him from the Fire!”" [Reported by at-Tirmidhi, and it is authentic]